Lysine-Proline-Valine Peptide Mitigates Fine Dust-Induced Keratinocyte Apoptosis and Inflammation by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Modulating the MAPK/NF-κB Pathway

Plain-language summary

This study investigated KPV, the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, against particulate matter (PM10)-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in human HaCaT keratinocytes. KPV treatment restored cell viability, reduced IL-1β secretion, and blocked ROS-mediated caspase-1 activation in cells stressed by PM10 exposure. In a 3D skin model, KPV effectively attenuated inflammatory cell death induced by PM10, pointing to its potential as a protective agent against environmental pollutant-related skin damage.