Efficacy of Thymosin α1 for Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Plain-language summary

This systematic review and meta-analysis pooled data from 11 randomized controlled trials (1,927 patients total) to evaluate Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) as an adjunct treatment for sepsis. The comprehensive analysis demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in 28-day mortality associated with Tα1 administration (OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59–0.90, P=0.003), and Tα1 therapy also reduced APACHE II scores more significantly compared to control groups. Potential benefits were noted in subgroups including patients with cancer and diabetes, though the authors noted heterogeneity across studies warrants further investigation.